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Predictions warn that the annual mean warming across land in Asia will be approximately 3 °C (5.4 °F) in the 2050s and about 5 °C (9 °F) by the 2080s. Water surface temperatures are projected to increase 2 to 4 °C (3.6 to 7.2 °F). This region will experience more heat waves, heavy precipitation events, and cyclones than the present. Characteristics that make this region particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change are a high rate of poverty that spans across many Asian countries, the susceptibility towards endemic illnesses, and increasingly dense populations that reside along coastlines and low-lying areas. This chapter focuses on four countries in South and Southeast Asia: Cambodia, China, Philippines, and Vietnam, each with characteristics that make them susceptible to climate change. Cambodia has a high rate of poverty and an agricultural sector that is climate dependent. China is seeing a rapid and massive migration from inland to coastal areas as well as urbanization. The Philippines is an archipelago. The country is not well equipped to respond to effects of climate change partly due to its geography as well as such factors as poverty and poor infrastructure. Like China, 74 % of the population in Vietnam is concentrated along the coastal plains and river deltas with an equally large urban population distributed in low lying areas. How will the Asian population react to the impact(s) of climate change on the physical environment (e.g., food production and water resources, ecosystem degradation, and coastal regions) that have a direct influence on their livelihood and culture? Projection of cultural shift rests on key and significant changes that include migration patterns from coastal to inland, diversification of livelihood (e.g., change agricultural practices), and solutions to protect valuable water resources. Together, these shifts will impact the economy, social structure, and culture across multiple and interlocking scales as we know it today.

UK Climate Projections (UKCP09) uses a Weather Generator tool to create synthetic time series of weather variables at 5 km resolution, which are consistent with the underlying climate projections. In this report we introduce the UKCP09 Weather Generator (WG). Section 1 outlines the needs and principles, while Section 2 addresses how it can be used to assess changes in extremes at spatial and temporal scales finer than the UKCP09 probability distribution functions (PDFs) can provide. Section 3 provides an illustration that the way the WG is perturbed to account for future climate change works. Section 4 provides some illustrative maps of changes in extremes across the UK and also of some key extreme metrics at some selected locations.

Reconnecting humanity to the biosphere must be a focus in cities. Transforming cities to be inclusive, equitable, resilient, and sustainable requires rethinking our relationship to nature, and investing in urban development, design, and governance that brings nature into the center. We provide seven key insights drawn from the chapters in this book: (1) put nature-based solutions (NBS) first in adaptation to climate change in cities; (2) make equity and justice central in the design, planning, management, and governance of NBS in cities; (3) ensure biodiversity is a priority in urban planning for NBS; (4) employ and design NBS to improve human health in cities; (5) realize NBS in cities with inclusive urban planning and innovative governance approaches that respond to local context dynamics; (6) assess the holistic value of urban nature to make a case for NBS in cities; and (7) bring art into NBS and position art as a NBS in cities.

Frontiers in Modern Life Science Research Volume II (ISBN: 978-81-69967-14-3) presents multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging developments in life sciences, biotechnology, healthcare, ecology, and computational biology. The volume explores insect incidence in crop cultivation, climate change and freshwater fish diversity, bovine coccidiosis, genetic engineering and CRISPR-Cas9, genomic medicine, personalized healthcare, pharmaceutical polymers, and protein and peptide drug delivery systems. It further examines emerging technologies, artificial intelligence in zoological research, HIV molecular biology and contemporary care, DNA sequence alignment, menstrual health, orchid adaptation and conservation, and freshwater and marine ecosystem biodiversity. Through integrative approaches, the book highlights contemporary research advances, technological innovations, ecological challenges, conservation strategies, and future directions in modern life science research.

The growing challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss, environmental degradation, and unsustainable resource utilization demand innovative and interdisciplinary approaches for building a sustainable future. Green Frontiers: Plant Conservation, Carbon Management and Sustainable Environmental Biotechnology brings together emerging concepts, research perspectives, and technological innovations that highlight the important role of biotechnology in addressing contemporary environmental challenges. The book cover emphasizes the integration of forests, plants, renewable energy, biotechnology, and environmental sustainability, reflecting the interdisciplinary vision of the volume. Plants and natural ecosystems are fundamental to maintaining ecological balance, conserving biodiversity, sequestering atmospheric carbon, and supporting human livelihoods. Effective plant conservation and ecological restoration therefore require approaches that combine traditional knowledge with modern scientific technologies. Environmental biotechnology offers promising tools for sustainable bioremediation, waste management, biological resource utilization, restoration of degraded ecosystems, and development of environmentally friendly products and processes. This volume provides a platform for researchers, academicians, students, environmental professionals, and policymakers to explore recent developments in plant conservation, carbon management, sustainable biotechnology, and ecological restoration. Particular emphasis is placed on innovative biological approaches capable of contributing to climate resilience, resource conservation, and a circular and low-carbon economy. The contributions included in this book are intended to stimulate scientific discussion and encourage collaborative research across biotechnology, plant sciences, environmental sciences, microbiology, and related disciplines. We hope that Green Frontiers will serve as a valuable academic reference while inspiring researchers and practitioners to develop practical, sustainable, and nature-based solutions for the environmental challenges of the future.

Recent events such as wars, sanctions, pandemics, and climate change have shown the importance of proper supply network management. A key step in managing supply networks is procurement. We present an approach for realizing a next-generation procurement workspace that aims to facilitate resilience and sustainability. To achieve this, the approach encompasses a novel way of information integration, automation tools as well as analytical techniques. As a result, the procurement can be viewed from the perspective of the environmental impact, comprising and aggregating sustainability scores along the supply chain. We suggest and present an implementation of our approach, which is meanwhile used in a global Fortune 500 company. We further present the results of an empirical evaluation study, where we performed in-depth interviews with the stakeholders of the novel procurement platform to validate its adequacy, usability, and innovativeness.

Cities and their rivers are undergoing significant transformations owing to the impact of multiples challenges at a time such as rapid population growth, infrastructure development, and climate change. The consequences are evident in increased flood risks, groundwater pollution, accelerated soil erosion, drinking water scarcity, green space depletion, and biodiversity loss. In light of this, interest in novel concepts such as Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) is growing, extending beyond academia to influence micro-, meso-, and macro-urban scales. Motivated by the potential of NbS to deliver social, ecological, and societal benefits, the SEE-URBAN-WATER (SUW) research group aimed to provide a robust knowledge and methodological basis for achieving socio-ecological transformation through the inter- and transdisciplinary planning, design, and implementation of NbS and Green Infrastructures in highly urbanized areas susceptible to environmental and climate risks. From 2018 to 2023, SUW, funded within the framework of the Research for Sustainability program (known by its German acronym FONA) by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (abbreviated to BMBF in German), produced numerous master’s and doctoral theses, methodological frameworks, scientific publications, and technical guidelines. Nevertheless, this book goes beyond being a mere compendium of these outcomes; it clearly illustrates the systematic inter- and transdisciplinary evolution and interconnection of ideas for building more socially and environmentally resilient cities.

Nature-based Solutions for Cities brings diverse perspectives from across the globe together to describe the state of the art in advancing nature-based solutions (NBS) for cities. Our goal is to provide a handbook for graduate students, early-career professionals, and emerging and advanced scholars to begin working with NBS in ways that consider multiple perspectives, disciplines, and ways of knowing. Together, the chapters in this book aim at understanding how NBS can be better managed, planned, and engaged with, and to center questions of NBS for whom and for what NBS are planned and implemented in cities. Through chapters led by experts in both global south and north contexts, we describe key knowledge and learning for advancing the interdisciplinary science of NBS in, for, and with cities and discuss the frontiers for next-generation NBS.