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This Technical Report presents an assessment of alternative alignments for the relocation of a section of Ecological Corridor No. 18, associated with Morro do Osso Natural Park, within a consolidated urban area in southern Porto Alegre, Brazil. The study compares seven alternative alignments based on landscape connectivity, land use and land cover, Permanent Preservation Areas, green areas, existing and planned urban infrastructure, and potential conflicts with privately owned land. The methodology included secondary data review, aerial surveying using a Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), orthomosaic processing, geoprocessing, and field surveys at 27 points of interest. In a complementary stage, Alternatives 4, 5 and 6 were evaluated using a Least-Cost Path approach. Alternative 1 presented the most favorable indicators in the overall comparison, while Alternative 4 showed the best relative performance among the alternatives subjected to the complementary analysis. The study also proposes measures aimed at environmental restoration, enhancement of ecological connectivity, and reduction of barriers to wildlife movement.

The study aims to generate spatial data and metadata, create a geo-database, and facilitate informed decision-making for urban planning and investment in the tourism sector. The results of the study reveal that there are 112 major hotels in Addis Ababa, with an uneven distribution across the sub-cities. The spatial distribution assessment indicates that Bole sub-city houses the highest number of major hotels, accounting for 38.4% of the total. Other sub-cities, such as Kirkos and Yeka, contribute significantly, hosting 22.3% and 15.2%, respectively. In contrast, sub-cities such as Addis Ketema and Lideta have a minimal presence, with less than 2% combined. The categorization by star rating shows that the majority are Three-Star (36.6%) and Four-Star (33%) hotels, while Five-Star hotels represent only 3.6%. This distribution highlights a concentration of higher-standard facilities in specific sub-cities and demonstrates an uneven spatial pattern of hotel development across Addis Ababa. The generated spatial data, metadata, and geo-database provide useful information for decision-makers in urban planning and tourism-sector investment. Keywords: Spatial distribution, Hotels, Metadata, Tourism, Urban planning, Addis Ababa

The rapid urbanization and population growth in recent decades have increased concerns about foodsecurity and sustainable land use in urban areas. This study focuses on Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, andaims to identify suitable sites for urban agriculture using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools,the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods. Theresearch utilizes various data sources, including satellite imagery, land use and land cover data,topographical data, soil maps, and hydrological data, to assess the suitability of different areas for urbanfarming. The analysis incorporates key criteria: proximity to the urban population by assessing the roadnetwork, land use/land cover by evaluating open spaces and green areas, water availability bymeasuring distance from river streams, soil quality, and slope analysis to determine land suitability.Various spatial datasets, including satellite imagery, land use maps, hydrological data, and digitalelevation models, are integrated into a GIS-based model to generate a suitability map. The MCDAapproach, supported by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), assigns weighted importance to eachcriterion, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation. The results classify the city's land into varyingsuitability levels, highlighting priority areas for urban agriculture development. This study providesvaluable insights for policymakers and urban planners to promote sustainable agricultural practiceswithin Addis Ababa’s urban fabric. Keywords: Urban Agriculture, Suitability Analysis, GIS, MCDA, Addis Ababa

This research monograph examines Washington, DC’s built structural geography through a fixed and reproducible geospatial method. It asks whether the city’s principal concentrations of structurally intense development form one continuous system, how disconnected concentrations relate to one another, and how documented development projects could change that topology. Structural Intensity is calculated from Microsoft’s 2023 Q4 estimated building-footprint coverage and normalized building-height raster. Native raster cells qualify at the fixed threshold of SI ≥ 0.007987 and are grouped using strict 8-neighbor connectivity, without smoothing, gap filling, artificial bridging, or manual component merging. Threshold-sensitivity testing, independent building-footprint and height comparisons, orthophotography, parcel geometry, documented project envelopes, and a formal post-calibration threshold audit are used to assess stability and external credibility. The results support a polycentric interpretation of Washington, DC’s most structurally intense built form. The Structural Core is the largest connected qualifying component, while eight substantive components south of the National Mall remain disconnected in the observed 2023 Q4 topology. Project-envelope testing identifies One K Street SW as the strongest documented near-term structural change, while other project scenarios retain explicitly differentiated evidence statuses. The monograph also introduces a four-stage Structural Evolution Framework for distinguishing observed topology from modeled structural connection, reinforcement, and maturation. Version note: Version 8.1 corrected the geographic interpretation of component 641, distinguishing it from the Forrestal site, and added supporting audit materials. The methodology, observed baseline topology, component counts, and principal conclusions were unchanged. Version 8.1.1 made formatting and author-designation corrections only. Version 8.1.2 adds a post-calibration Threshold Calibration and Optimization Audit, updates the reproducibility package to Version 1.5, and records the new version-specific DOI. The audit independently corroborates an empirical operating regime around SI ≈ 0.008 and retains SI ≥ 0.007987 as the fixed reproducible implementation. The observed 2023 Q4 topology, component identities, component counts, reported areas, maps, project scenarios, and principal conclusions remain unchanged. Recommended citation: Thompson, O. (2026). The Structural Urban Form of Washington, DC: A Reproducible Geospatial Research Monograph (Version 8.1.2). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22307215

A bounded exploratory comparison of modeled building-footprint coverage, normalized building height and Structural Intensity in urban district-scale and local rowhouse areas of Philadelphia, PA, and Washington, DC, alongside municipal land-allocation inventories and property-record building-form checks. Philadelphia's mean SI is 34.1% higher at district scale and 20.4% higher locally in the adopted geographies. Results persist in the tested boundary adjustments. The study does not establish citywide urban tiers, Built Core extent, causal land-allocation effects or independent validation of Microsoft's modeled inputs. The arithmetic subset reproduces selected-cell summaries; it is not a full GIS replication package. The publication uses Microsoft's 2023 Q4 modeled raster baseline. Municipal inventories and visual context have separately documented dates. Author-controlled text, original analysis and author-created figures are licensed CC BY 4.0. Calculation code is MIT; Microsoft input extracts retain CDLA Permissive 2.0. Third-party aerial imagery and the Dick Furstein photograph retain their separate rights and are excluded from the author license.

This spatial analysis research brief compares International Square in Washington, DC, and Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, NC using documented site area and a matched Council on Vertical Urbanism tower gross floor area measure. The sites differ by only 1,274 square feet, or 1.2%, providing a tightly bounded comparison of building height and lot-normalized gross physical intensity. Bank of America Corporate Center is 5.73 times taller than International Square, but its matched nominal gross-intensity ratio is only 18.1% higher (13.39 versus 11.34). The result shows that dramatic vertical prominence does not produce a proportionate increase in gross physical intensity. The comparison does not establish certified zoning FAR, rentable or usable office area, occupancy capacity, or total development floor area.

Conventional Metrorail rankings compare individual stations. They measure recorded station use but do not capture the transit depth of an urban district whose entries are distributed among closely spaced stations and whose overlapping pedsheds create urban-district-scale access. Although regional agencies recognize that stations differ, the frameworks reviewed from the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), DC Office of Planning (DCOP), and Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (MWCOG), including the National Capital Region Transportation Planning Board (TPB), do not provide a standard, reproducible measure that combines multiple stations, public entrances, overlapping pedsheds, scheduled route access, aggregate matched-period station entries, and surrounding structural concentration at the urban-district scale. This publication makes the urban district the unit of analysis. It measures transit depth through station and entrance density, overlap among official WMATA Metrorail station pedsheds, scheduled line-label access, route choice, and aggregate station entries. It then relates those independently measured transit conditions to Structural Intensity, the publication's measure of built-form concentration. The fixed analysis compares urban districts in Washington, DC, Northern Virginia, and Maryland; the Foggy Bottom–West End western-extension sensitivity, Greater Central DC, and the Rosslyn–Ballston Corridor are reported separately as sensitivity geographies. Traditional Downtown DC occupies the highest measured tier. It contains 10 interior stations, 23 public entrance facilities, all six scheduled Metrorail line labels, and 92.3 percent of its land within at least two official station pedsheds. Extended Functional Downtown DC retains majority multi-station coverage at 70.9 percent. Clarendon is an independent majority-overlap exception at 50.3 percent, but it remains a one-station urban district with one public entrance facility served by two scheduled line labels. Traditional Downtown DC recorded 105,387 average weekday station entries during the matched January 2-May 8, 2026 period; Southwest BID recorded the highest fixed independent total at 29,049. The Foggy Bottom–West End western-extension sensitivity confirms that majority overlapping access remains when the fixed downtown boundary is expanded. Greater Central DC retains majority land overlap at 58.2 percent, and 61.6 percent of its qualifying Structural Intensity cells lie within at least two station pedsheds. No independent comparison urban district reproduces the downtown systems' combined scale of stations, entrances, scheduled route access, matched-period entries, structural concentration, and pervasive overlap. These results measure observed station use and spatial access, not passenger loads, platform throughput, service headroom, or operating reserve.

Für den ländlichen Raum fehlen bislang wirtschaftlich tragfähige und gleichzeitig nachhaltige Mobilitätslösungen. Bestehende On-Demand- und Ride-Pooling-Systeme basieren überwiegend auf homogenen Fahrzeugflotten und sind außerhalb urbaner Regionen nur eingeschränkt wirtschaftlich. Elektrische Leichtfahrzeuge bieten zwar hohe Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz, werden jedoch überwiegend im Individualverkehr genutzt. Konvoi- und Schwarmkonzepte existieren bisher nur für spezielle Anwendungsfälle. Ein System, das individuelle Tür-zu-Tür-Mobilität mit den Vorteilen des öffentlichen Verkehrs verbindet, stand bislang nicht zur Verfügung. Ziel des Verbundvorhabens NeMo.bil war die Entwicklung und der prototypische Nachweis eines individualisierten öffentlichen Verkehrs (iÖV) für den ländlichen Raum. Hierzu sollten automatisierte Leichtfahrzeuge (NeMo.Cab), ein Zugfahrzeug (NeMo.Pro) sowie eine digitale Betriebsplattform zu einem energie- und ressourceneffizienten Mobilitätssystem vernetzt werden. Die CP Tech GmbH war für Spezifikation, Systemintegration und Aufbau des Pro-Fahrzeugs verantwortlich, das mehrere Cab-Fahrzeuge ziehen und mit Energie versorgen kann. Die Entwicklung erfolgte nach den Prinzipien des Systems Engineering. Zunächst wurden die Anforderungen an Fahrzeug, Subsysteme und Schnittstellen in einer Fahrzeugspezifikation und einem vernetzten Lastenheft definiert. Anschließend wurden mechanische, elektrische, elektronische und informationstechnische Schnittstellen ausgelegt und abgestimmt. Als Basis diente eine bestehende Fahrzeugplattform, die um ein Wasserstoff-Brennstoffzellensystem, Hochvoltsystem, Kommunikations- und Steuerungsarchitekturen sowie die Kopplungseinrichtung für den Konvoibetrieb erweitert wurde. Zur Absicherung der E/E-Integration wurde ein LabCar-Prüfstand aufgebaut und getestet. Darauf aufbauend erfolgte die schrittweise Integration aller Komponenten in den Fahrzeugprototypen. Es wurde eine vollständige Fahrzeugspezifikation mit allen relevanten Betriebs-, Leistungs- und Schnittstellenanforderungen erstellt. Auf dieser Grundlage konnte ein funktionsfähiger Prototyp des NeMo.Pro aufgebaut werden. Die entwickelte Fahrzeugarchitektur umfasst elektrischen Antrieb, Hochvoltbatterie, Wasserstoff-Range-Extender, Fahrzeugsteuerung, Kommunikationssysteme und Kupplungseinrichtung. Durch den LabCar-Aufbau wurden wesentliche Funktionen der Energieversorgung, Steuerung und Kommunikation frühzeitig validiert. In der abschließenden Demonstration konnten die spezifizierten Fahrzeugfunktionen sowie die Eignung des Pro-Fahrzeugs als Zugfahrzeug im Schwarmverbund erfolgreich nachgewiesen werden. Das Vorhaben hat die technische Machbarkeit des NeMo.bil-Konzepts und des Pro-Fahrzeugs als zentralem Element eines schwarmbasierten Mobilitätssystems nachgewiesen. Die entwickelten Methoden zur Anforderungsspezifikation, Systemintegration und Realisierung komplexer Fahrzeugarchitekturen bilden eine Grundlage für zukünftige autonome und energieeffiziente Mobilitätssysteme. Die Ergebnisse besitzen hohes Potenzial für zukünftige Mobilitätsangebote im ländlichen Raum sowie für Entwicklungsdienstleistungen im Bereich Elektromobilität und Fahrzeugintegration. Für eine spätere Umsetzung sind insbesondere die Weiterentwicklung des Automatisierungsgrades, die Optimierung des Energiekonzepts sowie die Klärung regulatorischer und zulassungsrechtlicher Fragestellungen erforderlich. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können unmittelbar in weitere Forschungs-, Entwicklungs- und Demonstrationsprojekte einfließen.

This independent exploratory student research report examines whether music–cut synchronization changes perceived audiovisual unity in short-form video. Nine approximately 20-second stimuli combined three bases—Urban, Nature, and Architecture—with Detailed, Beat-focused, and Low synchronization. Musical-event markers in Adobe After Effects guided deliberate alignment of 12, eight, or zero interior cuts, respectively; exact offsets were not independently measured. Twenty-four complete response records were collected across six sequential, quota-based counterbalancing groups. Each respondent viewed one version of each base and one video per condition. Unity ratings did not differ reliably across conditions (Friedman χ²(2) = 0.35, model-dependent exact permutation p = .855, Kendall’s W = .007). The retrospective manipulation check did not establish clear perceptual separation. These exploratory findings neither establish equivalence nor show that synchronization is irrelevant. The report documents controlled editing procedures, inconclusive evidence, design limitations, ethics disclosures, and AI assistance, emphasizing the distinction between an implemented editing recipe and viewers’ perceived synchronization.

This report was produced as part of the Arts and Humanities Council’s (AHRC) Cultural Value project and with the co-operation of UK Music, the Musicians’ Union and PRS for Music. It aims to contribute to a conversation that looks behind the headline numbers to examine the relationships between venues and provide a qualitative illustration of the live music ecology in three locations – Camden, Glasgow and Leeds. It also seeks to expand the concept of ‘publicly-funded culture’ to include not simply the subsidy and cultural provision traditionally associated with ‘high culture’ (classical orchestras, opera, etc.) but also provision in areas such as local authority licensing for live entertainment, infrastructure in the form of arenas and other large venues which are majority-owned by city councils, and the role of live music in strategies for urban regeneration.

AbstractPortugal’s housing debate is frequently framed in terms of housing shortage, construction volumes, vacant dwellings, affordability, or planning constraints. Yet these dimensions are often analysed separately, leaving unresolved a more fundamental question: how does potential housing capacity become effective housing supply? This protocol establishes a prospective PRISMA-ScR evidence review designed to map the mechanisms, conversion stages, constraints, and evidence gaps linking physical housing stock and land capacity to usable, planned, executable, completed, market-available, and affordable housing in Portugal. The review adopts a dual evidence architecture: scientific literature and institutional/planning evidence. Six search domains are defined prospectively: stock and mobilisation; planning and housing capacity; brownfield and redevelopment capacity; construction and delivery; transport and spatial capacity; and supply-to-affordability transmission. The protocol also introduces a structured evidence-mapping framework to distinguish capacity states and identify losses between stages rather than assuming that physical stock, planning capacity, approved development, completed housing, market availability, and affordability are equivalent. A pilot sensitivity test was conducted before formal retrieval. The predefined sentinel set was recovered successfully, supporting the adequacy of the search architecture prior to freeze. The novelty question remains explicitly open: the review will test whether an integrated end-to-end housing-capacity conversion framework has already been established in the literature, particularly for Portugal. This document preserves the protocol and Search Strategy v0.1 prospectively, before completion of the formal evidence review and before any final conclusions are drawn.